ubuntu中apache ab命令进行并发压力测试

安装

apt-get install apache2-utils

基本用法

# 对接口进行测试

# 对接口进行 1000 次请求，每次并发 100 次请求，会执行10次
$ ab -n 1000 -c 100 https://api.xxx.com/test.json?__v=1.0.0&__time=1592461058

# 结果
[1] 428
[2] 429
[3] 431
root@b2299d6a19d1:~# This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1807734 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking api.xxx.com (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Completed 400 requests
Completed 500 requests
Completed 600 requests
Completed 700 requests
Completed 800 requests
Completed 900 requests
Completed 1000 requests
Finished 1000 requests             -- 完成 100 次请求


Server Software:        openresty/1.15.8.3
Server Hostname:        api.xxx.com
Server Port:            443
SSL/TLS Protocol:       TLSv1.2,ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384,2048,256
TLS Server Name:        api.xxx.com

Document Path:          /test.json
Document Length:        78 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100                         -- 并发级别
Time taken for tests:   1.374 seconds                 -- 测试所用时间
Complete requests:      1000
Failed requests:        0                             -- 失败的请求
Total transferred:      394000 bytes
HTML transferred:       78000 bytes
Requests per second:    727.73 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       137.414 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.374 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          280.01 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:       30   95  27.0     91     184
Processing:    12   37  16.7     33     121
Waiting:        9   33  16.3     28     121
Total:         45  131  34.8    126     266

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) -- 一定时间内送达请求的百分比(ms)
  50%    126
  66%    136
  75%    143
  80%    150
  90%    166
  95%    215
  98%    247
  99%    250
 100%    266 (longest request)

[1]   Done                    ab -n 1000 -c 100 https://api.xxx.com/test.json
[2]   Done                    __v=1.0.0
[3]-  Done                    __time=1592461058

参数说明

# ab -h
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
    -n requests     Number of requests to perform
                    总请求次数

    -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make at a time
                    一次并发的请求数 ( 总请求次数(n) = 次数 * 一次并发请求数(c))

    -t timelimit    Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
                    This implies -n 50000
                    在基准测试上花费最多的秒数
                    这意味着-n 50000

    -s timeout      Seconds to max. wait for each response
                    Default is 30 seconds
                    等待每个响应的最大秒数
                    默认 30 秒

    -b windowsize   Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
                    TCP发送/接收缓冲区的大小（字节）

    -B address      Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
                    进行传出连接时要绑定到的地址

    -p postfile     File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
                    包含要POST的数据。还记得设置-T

    -u putfile      File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
                    包含要PUT的数据。还记得设置-T

    -T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg. 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', Default is 'text/plain'
                    用于投递/投递数据的内容类型标题，例如. 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 默认 'text/plain'

    -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print
                    要打印多少故障排除信息

    -w              Print out results in HTML tables
                    在HTML表格中打印结果

    -i              Use HEAD instead of GET
                    用头代替GET
    -x attributes   String to insert as table attributes
                    作为表属性插入的字符串

    -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes
                    要作为tr属性插入的字符串
    -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes
                    作为td或th属性插入的字符串

    -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)
                    添加cookie，例如“Apache=1234”。（可重复）

    -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
                    Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
                    添加任意标题行，例如“Accept Encoding:gzip”
                    在所有正常标题行之后插入。（可重复）

    -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes are a colon separated username and password.
                    添加基本的WWW身份验证，属性是以冒号分隔的用户名和密码。

    -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes are a colon separated username and password.
                    添加基本的代理身份验证，属性 是以冒号分隔的用户名和密码。

    -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use
                    要使用的代理服务器和端口号

    -V              Print version number and exit
                    打印版本号并退出

    -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
                    使用HTTP KeepAlive功能

    -d              Do not show percentiles served table.
                    不显示百分位服务表。

    -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
                    不要显示置信估计和警告。

    -q              Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
                    执行超过150个请求时不显示进度

    -l              Accept variable document length (use this for dynamic pages)
                    接受可变文档长度（用于动态页面）

    -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
                    将收集的数据输出到gnuplot格式文件。

    -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served
                    输出提供百分比的CSV文件

    -r              Don\'t exit on socket receive errors.
                    套接字接收错误时不退出。

    -m method       Method name
                    方法名

    -h              Display usage information (this message)
                    显示使用信息（此消息）

    -I              Disable TLS Server Name Indication (SNI) extension
                    禁用TLS服务器名称指示（SNI）扩展

    -Z ciphersuite  Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
                    指定SSL/TLS密码套件（请参阅openssl密码）

    -f protocol     Specify SSL/TLS protocol (SSL2, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)
                    指定SSL/TLS协议 （SSL2、TLS1、TLS1.1、TLS1.2或全部）